Guide 05

Half-life, timing & frequency

Half-life is the single number that best explains why one compound is studied once a week and another several times a day.

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Draft content — pending editorial and medical review.

What half-life means

is the time it takes for the amount in the blood to fall by half. After one half-life, 50% remains; after two, 25%; after five, about 3%.

1 half-life
50%
2
25%
3
12.5%
5
≈3%

After about five half-lives, a compound is considered largely cleared.


Two examples from the library

Ipamorelin has a of about two hours in humans, which is why studies and community reports describe dosing one to three times a day.

Semaglutide has a half-life of about seven days, so it is given once a week, and takes four to five weeks to reach a steady level.


Timing

Some compounds are studied at particular times — for example, growth-hormone before sleep, when natural GH release peaks. Timing in a study is a design choice; it is not always tested against alternatives.


Common mistakes

Assuming longer is stronger. A long changes frequency, not necessarily effect.
Forgetting the build-up. Long half-life compounds accumulate for weeks before levels settle.
Planning a washout that is too short. Allow several half-lives before comparing on and off.